Class
| • | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | [X] |
| | 1 | Name: | Dr. Joel E. Cohen | | | Institution: | Rockefeller University | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1944 | | | | | | |
Joel E. Cohen is Abby Rockefeller Mauzé Professor of Populations and heads the Laboratory of Populations at the Rockefeller and Columbia Universities. At the Earth Institute of Columbia, Dr. Cohen holds appointments in the School of International and Public Affairs, the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and the Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology. Dr. Cohen's research deals with the demography, ecology, epidemiology and social organization of human and non-human populations, and with mathematical concepts useful in these fields. He received doctorates in applied mathematics in 1970 and in population sciences and tropical public health in 1973 from Harvard. He joined the faculty of Rockefeller University in 1975 and of Columbia University in 1995. Dr. Cohen has published more than 365 academic papers. His 14 books include (with Kemperman and Zbaganu) Comparisons of Stochastic Matrices, with Applications in Information Theory, Statistics, Economics and Populations Sciences, which received the Gheorghe Lazar Prize of the Romanian Academy, and How Many People Can the Earth Support, which earned Dr. Cohen the inaugural Olivia Schieffelin Nordberg Prize "for excellence in writing the population sciences." He is also the co-author (with B. Devine) of a book of scientific and mathematical jokes entitled Absolute Zero Gravity. Dr. Cohen was a co-recipient of the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement in 1999. Named one of "America's Top 100 Young Scientists" by Science Digest in 1984, Dr. Cohen was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1994 and to the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 1997. In 2015 he won the Golden Goos Award along with Christopher Small.
Web Link 1: http://lab.rockefeller.edu/cohenje/cohenvita
Web Link 2: http://lab.rockefeller.edu/cohenje/cohenall
Web Link 3: http://lab.rockefeller.edu/cohenje/ | |
| 2 | Name: | Mr. Walter Cronkite | | | Institution: | CBS News | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1916 | | | Death Date: | July 17, 2009 | | | | | | |
In a career spanning more than 60 years, Walter Cronkite has been perhaps the best known and most highly respected television news anchor in broadcast journalism. He earned that recognition in a career in which he covered virutally every major news event of his time and complied special reports on vital topics, including the Vietnam War, Watergate, the Middle East, the environment and the United States space program. He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom for reporting and commenting on events "with a skill and insight which stands out in the news world, in a way which has made the news of the world stand out for us." He has received numerous broadcasting awards, including the Peabody and several Emmy Awards, and Harvard, Michigan and Duke Universities are among the many institutions that have recognized him with honorary doctorates. In 1966, Time magazine described Mr. Cronkite as "the single most convincing and authoritative figure in the television news," and he was the only journalist voted among the top 10 "most influential decision makers in America" in leadership surveys conducted by U.S. News and World Report from 1975 through 1978 and again in 1980. He became a special correspondent for CBS News in 1981 when he stepped down after 19 years as anchorman and managing editor of the CBS Evening News. Affectionately nicknamed "Old Iron Pants" for his unflappability under pressure, Mr. Cronkite is a man of extraordinary breadth who has shared useful knowledge with millions while promoting an understanding of important aspects of life. | |
| 3 | Name: | Ms. Marian Wright Edelman | | | Institution: | Children's Defense Fund | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1939 | | | | | | |
Marian Wright Edelman is founder and president of the Children's Defense Fund (CDF) and has been an advocate for disadvantaged Americans for her entire professional life. Under her leadership, CDF has become the nation's strongest voice for children and families. A graduate of Spelman College and Yale Law School, Ms. Edelman began her career in the mid-60s when, as the first black woman admitted to the Mississippi Bar, she directed the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund office in Jackson, Mississippi. In l968, she moved to Washington, D.C., as counsel for the Poor People's Campaign that Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. began organizing before his death. She founded the Washington Research Project, a public interest law firm and the parent body of the Children's Defense Fund. For two years she served as the Director of the Center for Law and Education at Harvard University and in l973 began CDF. The recipient of over one hundred honorary degrees and many awards including the Albert Schweitzer Humanitarian Prize, the Heinz Award, a MacArthur Foundation Prize Fellowship, the Harvard Graduate School's Medal of Education Impact (2013) and the Thomas Jefferson Foundation Medal (2016), Ms. Edelman was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian award, in 2000. She has also been recognized with the Robert F. Kennedy Lifetime Achievement Award for her writings, which include nine books: Families in Peril: An Agenda for Social Change; The Measure of Our Success: A Letter to My Children and Yours; Guide My Feet: Meditations and Prayers on Loving and Working for Children; Stand for Children; Lanterns: A Memoir of Mentors; Hold My Hand: Prayers for Building a Movement to Leave No Child Behind; I'm Your Child, God: Prayers for Our Children; I Can Make a Difference: A Treasury to Inspire Our Children; and The Sea Is So Wide and My Boat Is So Small: Charting a Course for the Next Generation. Ms. Edelman is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, the American Academy of Arts & Sciences and the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences. In 2015 she was honored with the Inaugural James M. Lawson Humanitarian Award and in 2017 with the Inamori Ethics Prize. | |
| 4 | Name: | Dr. Nannerl O. Keohane | | | Institution: | Stanford University; Duke University | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1940 | | | | | | |
Nannerl O. Keohane is Laurance S. Rockefeller Distinguished Visiting Professor of Public Affairs at Princeton University. She served as the eighth president of Duke University from 1993-2004, becoming the university's first female president. Prior to her tenure at Duke, Dr. Keohane served as president of Wellesley College for 12 years. Over the course of her career she has been a strong, vital advocate for educational excellence as well as a distinguished scholar of political science, with research interests including political philosophy, feminism and education. Dr. Keohane received her Ph.D. from Yale University in 1967 and taught at Swarthmore College (1967-73), the University of Pennsylvania (1970-72) and Stanford University (1973-81) before moving to Wellesley in 1981. She is the author of works including Philosophy and the State in France: The Renaissance to the Enlightenment (1980), and Higher Ground (2006). Among other awards, she received New York University's Woman of Distinction Award in 2012. | |
| 5 | Name: | Mr. Frederik Willem de Klerk | | | Institution: | Former President of South Africa | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1936 | | | Death Date: | November 11, 2021 | | | | | | |
Frederik Willem (F.W.) de Klerk was born in Johannesburg on March 18, 1936, the son of Senator Jan de Klerk, a senior Cabinet Minister. His school years were spent mainly in Krugersdorp, where he matriculated at Monument High School. He attended the Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education and graduated in 1958 with B.A. and LL.B degrees (cum laude). During his university years he was actively involved in student affairs. Mr. de Klerk joined a firm of attorneys in Vereeniging that he helped to develop into one of the leading law firms outside South Africa's major metropolitan areas. At the same time he played a prominent role in numerous community activities. In 1972 he was offered the Chair of Administrative Law at Potchefstroom University but had to decline because of his decision to enter active politics. In November 1972 he was elected as Member of Parliament for Vereeniging. In 1978, shortly after his 42nd birthday and after only five and a half years as a back-bencher, he was appointed to the Cabinet. During the following 11 years he was responsible for the following portfolios consecutively: Posts and Telecommunications and Social Welfare and Pensions; Sport and Recreation; Mining and Environmental Planning; Mineral and Energy Affairs; Internal Affairs, as well as the Public Service; and National Education (the portfolio that he held when he was elected as State President). On July 1, 1985 Mr. de Klerk became Chairman of the Minister's Council in the House of Assembly. He became Leader of the House of Assembly on December 1, 1986. Mr. de Klerk was elected to the key post of Leader of the National Party in the Transvaal on March 6, 1982. On February 2, 1989, the caucus of the National Party chose him as the national Leader of the Party. On August 15, 1989, after the resignation of President P. W. Botha, Mr. de Klerk became Acting State President, and after the general election of September 6, was inaugurated as State President on September 20, 1989. Mr. de Klerk served as State President until President Nelson Mandela's inauguration on May 10, 1994. During this period he initiated and presided over the inclusive negotiations that led to the dismantling of "apartheid" and the adoption of South Africa's first fully democratic constitution in December 1993. After leading the National Party to the second place in South Africa's first fully representative general election of April 27, 1994 Mr. de Klerk was inaugurated as one of South Africa's two Executive Deputy Presidents. He served in this capacity until the end of June 1996 when his Party, under his leadership, decided to withdraw from the Government of National Unity. He was Leader of the Official Opposition until his retirement from active party politics on September 9, 1997. Mr. de Klerk has received numerous national and international honours and honorary doctorates. In 1981 he was awarded the South African Decoration for Meritorious Service. In 1992, he received the Prix du Courage Internationale (The Prize for Political Courage) and was co-recipient of the UNESCO Houphouet-Boigny Prize. He was also awarded the Prince of Asturias Prize in Spain during the same year. In July 1993, together with Mr. Nelson Mandela, Mr. de Klerk received the Philadelphia Peace Prize and on December 10 the same year was the co-recipient, also with Nelson Mandela, of the Nobel Peace Prize. In January 2000 Mr. de Klerk published his autobiography "The Last Trek - a New Beginning" and the same year established the F. W. de Klerk Foundation, which is dedicated to the promotion of peace in multi-communal societies. He makes numerous speeches around the world and actively participates as an elder statesman in international conferences on the promotion of harmonious relations in multi-communal societies, the future of Africa and South Africa and the challenges facing the world during the new millennium. Mr. de Klerk is in the process of establishing the Global Leadership Foundation, a foundation which has been registered in Switzerland with operational headquarters in London. Its objective will be to play a constructive role in the promotion of peace, democracy and development. A number of internationally respected former leaders and experts will join him in this new initiative. He is also the Honorary Chairman of the Prague Society for International Co-operation in the Czech Republic; a Member of the Assembly of the Parliament of Cultures in Istanbul and plays a substantial role in Forum 2000, a think tank initiated by former President Vaclav Havel and Nobel laureate Eli Wiesel. In addition, he serves on the advisory boards of the Peres Centre for Peace in Israel and the Global Panel in Germany. Mr. de Klerk lives on a farm outside Paarl about 60 kms from Cape Town where he and his wife Elita will soon be producing their own wine. He enjoys reading, the outdoor life and golf. | |
| 6 | Name: | President Nelson Mandela | | | Institution: | Former President of South Africa | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 503. Administrators, Bankers and Opinion Leaders from the Public or Private Sectors | | | Residency: | International | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1918 | | | Death Date: | December 5, 2013 | | | | | | |
Nelson Mandela was born in South Africa in 1918. He attended Fort Hare University College and the University of Witwatersrand before commencing a legal practice in Johannesburg with fellow activist Oliver Tambo, forming the country's first black legal partnership. He joined the African National Congress and was a founder of the ANC Youth League, which in 1951 organized the Campaign for the Defiance of Unjust Laws. During the 1950s Mandela and other ANC members defied the South African government and consequently were banned from working with the ANC. When the ban was lifted in the early 1960s, Mandela was elected secretary of the ANC. He was soon forced underground, however, and was tried and imprisoned for sabotage and attempting to overthrow the government. In 1963 he began a life sentence and remained in jail for 25 years. As change came to South Africa, he met with State President Botha and later President F.W. de Klerk. The latter released Mandela from jail nine days after the ban on the ANC was lifted. Mandela was elected president of the ANC in 1991 and became South Africa's first black president in 1994, serving until 1999. In 1993 he accepted the Nobel Peace Prize on behalf of all South Africans who suffered and sacrificed to bring peace to their land. Among countless other honors are UNESCO's Simon Bolivar International Prize (1983), the Sakharov Prize (1988), the Liberty Medal (1993) and the APS's Benjamin Franklin Award for Distinguished Public Service. Its citation describes Mandela as a "steadfast advocate of justice (and) tireless champion of freedom" and "salutes this son of a chief and father of a nation, and recognizes his extraordinary contribution, not only to the citizens of South Africa, but also to countless men and women in other lands. Who, as a prisoner of conscience for 28 years, so used his captivity to instruct and inspire others, that the prison in which he was confined has now become a symbol of courage and hope, and a place of pilgrimage. And who, as leader of his people and their first elected president, led the way to equality, improved education, housing and economic growth, with vision, determination, energy and magnanimity, achieving reconciliation and cooperation between long-standing adversaries. In awarding Nelson Mandela the Franklin Medal, the American Philosophical Society salutes this international statesman and applauds his consistency of purpose, his resolute courage, his generosity of spirit and his inspiring example." Nelson Mandela was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1994. In 2007 he joined the Elders, a freelance global diplomatic team dedicated to working for the common good. The alliance also includes former president Jimmy Carter, former Irish president Mary Robinson, and the retired Anglican archbishop Desmond Tutu. Nelson Mandela died on December 5, 2013, in Johannesburg, South Africa, at the age of 95. | |
| 7 | Name: | Professor Chloe Anthony (Toni) Morrison | | | Institution: | Princeton University | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 501. Creative Artists | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1931 | | | Death Date: | August 5, 2019 | | | | | | |
Chloe A. "Toni" Morrison was a novelist who also served for over 17 years as Robert F. Goheen Professor in the Council of the Humanities at Princeton University. Her writing, for which she was awarded the 1993 Nobel Prize in Literature, is known for its great emotional range, epic themes, subtlety, vivid dialogue and verbal power. After earning degrees from Howard University (B.A., 1953) and Cornell University (M.A., 1955), Ms. Morrison taught English at Howard and Texas Southern Universities and the State University of New York and worked as a textbook editor, during which time she played an instrumental role in bringing African-American literature into the mainstream.
In 1970 she published her first novel, The Bluest Eye, which she had written while teaching at Howard and raising two children. Sula, a novel about two black women friends, followed in 1973, and in 1977 Ms. Morrison published the family chronicle Song of Solomon, which won the National Critics Award and brought her to national attention. Subsequent books included 1981's Tar Baby, in which she expanded her exploration of issues of class, sexuality, racial identity and family dynamics, and 1987's Beloved, for which she was awarded the 1988 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. Loosely based on the life and legal case of escaped slave Margaret Garner, Beloved was cited by The New York Times in 2006 as the best work of fiction of the past 25 years. Ms. Morrison's most recent works include Jazz (1992), Paradise (1999), Love (2003), A Mercy (2008), Little Cloud and Lady Wind (2010), Home (2012), God Help the Children (2015) and she has also published a series of children's books with her son Slade Morrison. Fellow APS member Cornel West has said that her writing "has a lyricism that reminds you of Tennessee Williams, a sense of drama that reminds you of Schiller, and a rhythm that reminds you of Sara Vaughan." A truly gifted writer whose lyrical prose delighted both literary critics and the general public, Toni Morrison opened the eyes of all readers to the incredible richness, variety and humor of African-American life.
Her awards include the 2009 Norman Mailer Writers Colony Award, the 2012 Medal of Freedom presented by President Obama, the National Book Critics Circle Arad Ivan Sandrof Lifetime Achievement Award, the 2016 Edward MacDowell Medal, the 2016 Saul Bellow Award from the PEN American Center, the 2017 Emerson-Thoreau Medal of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and the 2019 American Academy of Arts and Letters' Gold Medal for Fiction. She was awarded the American Philosophical Society's Thomas Jefferson Medal for Distinguished Achievement in the Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences in 2018. The award was presented "in recognition of a distinguished lifetime of extraordinary contributions to American letters." Toni Morrison was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1994. She died August 5, 2019 in New York, New York at the age of 88. | |
| 8 | Name: | Mr. William H. Scheide | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 502. Physicians, Theologians, Lawyers, Jurists, Architects, and Members of Other Professions | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Deceased
| | | Birth Date: | 1914 | | | Death Date: | November 14, 2014 | | | | | | |
William H. Scheide was among the most distinguished book collectors in the world, and his Scheide Collection is unique in having been built over three family generations. Housed in Princeton University's Firestone Library, the Scheide collection enables scholars as well as the general public to view Bibles (including the Gutenberg Bible), early printing, music manuscripts (Bach, Mozart, Wagner, Schubert and Beethoven) and Americana, all of which Mr. Scheide has managed in both personal and scholarly ways. Also known as a distinguished Bach scholar, he held an A.M. from Columbia University (1940) and worked both in the Cornell University Department of Music and, for thirty years, as organizer and director of the Bach Aria Group. It has been said that "probably no single individual has done so much to further the study of the music of J.S. Bach in the United States" as William Scheide. William Scheide died November 14, 2014, at age 100 in Princeton. | |
| 9 | Name: | The Honorable David H. Souter | | | Institution: | United States Supreme Court | | | Year Elected: | 1994 | | | Class: | 5. The Arts, Professions, and Leaders in Public & Private Affairs | | | Subdivision: | 502. Physicians, Theologians, Lawyers, Jurists, Architects, and Members of Other Professions | | | Residency: | Resident | | | Living? : |
Living
| | | Birth Date: | 1939 | | | | | | |
David H. Souter served as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1990 to 2009. After earning degrees from Harvard University (1961), from Magdalen College at Oxford University (Rhodes Scholar, 1963) and from Harvard Law School (1966), David Souter returned to New Hampshire to practice as an associate with the law firm of Orr and Reno. Two years later, he left private practice to join the New Hampshire Attorney General's Office, progressively becoming the Deputy Attorney General in 1971 and the Attorney General in 1976.
In 1978, Justice Souter was named a Justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court, the state trial court for general jurisdiction, which "rides circuit" from county to county. After five years on the trial court, he was elevated to the New Hampshire Supreme Court in 1983 by Governor John Sununu. Seven years later, in April 1990, President George H.W. Bush appointed David Souter to the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit. He served there only briefly. Following the retirement of Justice William J. Brennan, Jr. in July, President Bush nominated him for a seat on the United States Supreme Court. On October 2, 1990, the Senate confirmed his nomination by a vote of 90 - 9. During his time on the Court, Justice Souter established himself as a highly regarded and influential moderate with respect for precedent and for adherence to the rule of law. He retired from the Court in June 2009.
Justice Souter was elected to membership in the American Philosophical Society in 1994. | |
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